Power steering fluid deteriorates over time. Contaminated power steering fluid can cause serious damage to a power steering pump and power steering rack before any signs of wear are visible. In order to determine whether or not fluid is contaminated, certain checks need to be made.

Colour Tells the Story First

Fresh Fluid – Most modern power steering systems use clear, amber or pale pink power steering fluid. Old or deteriorating fluid can appear dark brown or black. Red power steering fluid that has turned to a murk brown colour indicates that the fluid has deteriorated and is likely to be carrying debris from within the power steering system.

A Burnt or Sour Smell Signals Heat Damage

Mild odour – with a slight oily smell; Sharp burnt smell – overheated fluid, possibly slipping pump or low fluid with frequent use; Sour or rancid smell – signs of bacterial growth in stagnant fluid.

Cloudiness Points to Water Ingress

This forms a milky suspension and normally occurs through a cracked reservoir cap or damaged seal allowing water to enter the system. This causes very rapid corrosion within the rack and pump components.

The Drop Test Reveals Particulate Contamination

When power steering fluid is placed on white paper and spread out it should form a complete circle. Most contaminants show up as dark specks within the circle or as gritty residue on the surface. In many cases the system will require more than a simple flush and may even need parts replacing.

How the Fluid Feels Matters Too

The changed consistency of a used power steering fluid can also be assessed by rubbing it between your fingers. In case it feels too thin or watery, its viscosity has dropped, and the fluid can no longer be sufficient to protect the system’s parts.

For Power Steering Specialists, see westernpowersteering.co.uk.

By running these tests and inspections it is possible to ascertain whether a fluid change, seal change or component change is required.